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INC Sessions - TNPSC

20 ஜூலை, 2024

Formation of INC:

First Session of Indian National Congress, 1885
1st Session of INC

        The Indian National Congress (INC) was formed in 1885, marking a significant milestone in India's struggle for independence from British rule. The foundation of INC was initiated by A.O.Hume, a retired British civil servant, who aimed to create a platform for civil and political dialogue among educated Indians.  

        The first session of the INC was held in Bombay (now Mumbai) and was attended by 72 delegates. The formation of the INC played a crucial role in unifying diverse regional and political groups, eventually leading to the broader national movement against British colonialism.

INC Sessions:

Year Place President
1st Session, 1885 Bombay Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee
2nd Session, 1886 Calcutta Dadabhai Naoroji
3rd Session, 1887 Madras Badruddin Tyabji
4th Session, 1888Allahabad George Yule
5td Session, 1889 Bombay Sir William Wedderburn
6th Session, 1890 Calcutta Pherozeshah Mehta
7th Session, 1891 Nagpur P.Ananda Charlu
8th Session, 1892 Allahabad Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee
9th Session, 1893 Lahore Dadabhai Naoroji
10th Session, 1894 Madras Alfred Webb
11th Session, 1895 Pune Surendranath Banerjee
12th Session, 1896 Calcutta Rahimatullah M Sayani
13th Session, 1897 Amraoti C Sankaran Nair
14th Session, 1898 Madras Ananda Mohan Bose
15th Session, 1899 Lucknow Romesh Chunder Dutt
16th Session, 1900 Lahore N G Chandavarkar
17th Session, 1901 Calcutta Dinshaw Eduljee Wacha
18th Session, 1902 Ahmedabad Surendranath Banerjee
19th Session, 1903 MadrasLal Mohan Ghosh
20th Session, 1904 Bombay Sir Henry Cotton
21st Session, 1905 Banaras Gopal Krishna Gokhale
22nd Session, 1906 Calcutta Dadabhai Naoroji
23rd Session, 1907 Surat (Susepended) Rash Behari Ghosh
23rd Session, 1908 Madras Rash Behari Ghosh
24rd Session, 1909 Lahore Madan Mohan Malaviya
25th Session, 1910 Allahabad Sir William Wedderburn
26th Session, 1911 CalcuttaBishan Narayan Dar
27th Session, 1912 Bankipore Raghunath Narasinha Mudholkar
28th Session, 1913 Karachi Nawab Syed Mohammed Bahadur
29th Session, 1914 Madras Bhupendra Nath Bose

Neill’s Statue Satyagraha | TNPSC

17 ஜூலை, 2024

 

Source: Amrit mahotsav

Who was Colonel Neill:

                   Colonel Neill, infamous for his brutal role in suppressing the Indian Rebellion of 1857, earned the notorious title "Butcher of Allahabad." His ruthless methods left a lasting scar on Indian history, symbolized by a bronze statue erected by the British on Mount Road, Madras (now Chennai).

The Symbol of Oppression: 

    The Neill statue stood as a grim reminder of the atrocities committed by the British, fueling the Indians' insatiable hunger for freedom. Srinivasa Varadan from Madurai vehemently opposed this symbol of oppression, declaring that such a figure had no place in the soil of Mother India. This sentiment led to the formation of the 'Tamil Nadu Volunteer Corps' with the primary goal of dismantling the statue.

Neill Statue Satyagraha: 

  •     The volunteers, led by Somayajalu Naidu and supported by Padmasini Ammal in Madurai, orchestrated the Neill Statue Satyagraha. The protest was meticulously planned for August 11, 1927. The Satyagrahis successfully damaged a portion of the statue, demonstrating their defiance. This act of resistance resulted in the imprisonment and fining of key leader Ganapathi Ayya.
  •     The Neill Statue Satyagraha is a significant chapter in India's struggle for independence, symbolizing the nation's resilience and determination to uproot colonial oppression. This event not only highlights the courage of the Tamil Nadu Volunteer Corps but also underscores the collective effort of Indians to reclaim their freedom and dignity.
  •     After the major leaders like Somayajalu and Swaminatha Mudaliar got arrested K. Kamaraj became the leader of the agitation (September, 1927). Mahatma Gandhi when he visited Madras during the time extended his support to the agitation. The Madras legislature passed resolutions demanding the removal of the statue.
  •     Neill Statue was later moved to Ripon Building and then to Madras Museum.


2023 TNPSC Group 2 Mains - Paper 2 General Studies Questions

16 ஜூலை, 2024

TNPSC Group-2 Mains Paper 2
General Studies

2023

Part-A

(15x6=90)

Note:

  • Answer not exceeding 50 words each
  • Each question carries six marks
  • Answer any fifteen questions out of eighteen questions in section 1 and 2
Section 1 :

    1.Write about the impact of Covid 19 in Environment.    (6)
    2.Define the following:    (6)
            (a) Endangered (E)
            (b) Vulnerable (V)
            (c) Threatened (T)
    3. What are the challenges and bottlenecks faced by Indian electricity sector?    (6)
    4. Which are the coastal regions of India are under threat due to rising in sea level.    (6)
    5. Discuss and write the relative order of acid strength of the following oxyacids in the ascending                order : (a) HClO, HClO2, HClO3 and HClO4 
                    (b) HNO3, HNO2 and HNO    (6)
    6. List out the role of FAO, WHO and UNICEF towards human welfare.    (6)
    7. Mention the risks associated with Genetic Engineering of microbes to the environment.    (6)
    8. Write short notes on the following:
        (a) Biojet Fuel    (3)
        (b) Electronic Voting Machine    (3)
    9. Write about the role of the following:
        (a) Atomic Power Station, Kalpakkam
        (b) Mission Shakthi.

Section 2:


    10. Why Micro Labs Ltd was in news in 2022?    (6)
    11. What is the aim of Digital Ecosystem for Skilling and Livelihood's 
             DESH - stack e-portal ?    (6)
    12. Discuss in detail Digital Transformation in Indian Agri sector.    (6)
    13. Explain the various schemes for Socio Economic Development of 
          SC & ST Community in Tamilnadu.    (6)
    14. List out the important legislative measures initiated so far as well as the institutional                           structures established to tackle the menace of corruption in India.    (6)
    15. In disaster management the role of cooperative federalism is crucial. How far the principles             of cooperative federalism were incorporated in the recent COVID 19 disaster                                          management? Evaluate their outcomes.    (6)
    16. Explain Civil Services Day.    (6)
    17. What are the sociological factors that lead to domestic violence?    (6)
    18. Briefly explain the following basic elements of Networking :     (6)
                (a) Network services 
                (b) Transmission media
                (c) Protocols.         
   

Part-B


(10x12=120)

Note:

  • Answer not exceeding 150 words each
  • Each question carries twelve marks
  • Answer any ten questions out of twelve questions.
19. Write a note on the following : (3 x 4 = 12) 
            (a) Chief Minister’s Breakfast Scheme 
            (b) Green Tamil Nadu Mission 
            (c) The Nilgiri Tahr Project.
20. Discuss the principles of Budgeting.    (12)
21. Explain in detail :    (12)
        (a) Incredible India 
        (b) Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) 
        (c) India’s Target for $ 5 Trillion Economy.
22. Analyse the advantages and disadvantages of State Control over the Hindu temples. (12)
23. Already there is a District Rural Development Agency that looks after development administration at district level. However, yet another organization called District Development Coordination and Monitoring Committee has been created. Explain the rationale behind it and distinguish the new organisation from the earlier one.    (12)
24. Explain how Tamil Nadu bagged National Krishi Karman Award for five times. (12)
25. Examine on Child Welfare activities in India.    (12)
26. Write a note on Industrial Corridors of Tamilnadu.    (12)
27. What are ‘B’ Complex Vitamins? Enumerate the biological functions of these vitamins. 
Why are B-Complex vitamin essential?    (12)
28. "International Year of Millets 2023” – Discuss.    (12)
29. What is graphene and who discovered it? 
      Explain in detail the latest applications of graphene?    (12)
30. Identify the relations among the appropriate physical quantities governing the following situations and explain the principle behind them.
Where are these situations employed? 
(a) The flow of water through a cylindrical tube of varying diameter. 
(b) The flow of current through copper wires of different diameters.    (12)

Part-C

(6x15=90)

Note:

  • Answer not exceeding 250 words each
  • Each question carries fifteen marks
  • Answer any six questions out of eight questions.
31. How Dravidian Languages identity sets apart as distinct languages 
      from other Indian Languages?    (15)
32. Analyse the role of India in Global Climate Change.    (15)
33. Write a note on various steps taken by the Government of India to tackle the challenges 
       of climate change.    (15)
34. Elaborate the various institutional frameworks erected to address the issues in public life relating to        probity and corruption in India.    (15)
35. Explain the origin and functions of Central Institute of Classical Tamil.    (15)
36. Explain the characteristics of third sectors and analyse its role in providing 
      health care services in the country.    (15)
37. Describe in details on various industrial problems of India.    (15)
38. Explain about “Tamil Nadu ICT Policy” (Information Communication Technology).    (15)

P.Jeevanandham - TNPSC

 

P. Jeevanandham
Birth : 21st August, 1907 near Nagarcoil in Kanyakumari District.

Death : 18th January, 1963

P Jeevanandhan also fondly known as Jeeva is a famous Socio-political leader, Gandhian, Journalist and an excellent orator. He was born near Boothapandi in Nagarcoil in the erstwhile Princely state of Travancore. He was originally known as Sorimuthu named after his family god.

Political life:

In 1924, he participated in the Vaikom Satyagraha which was a nonviolent agitation for access to the prohibited Temple premises. He also participated in the Suchindram temple entry movement. He took care of Gandhian Ashram in Siruvayal where he met Mahatma Gandhi, who appreciated Jeeva for his involvement in the national movement. He hoisted the national flag on top of the temple cart of Suchindram temple at the time of its procession. In 1932, he took part in Civil Disobedience Movement and was sentenced to six months in Trichy Jail. He was arrested and imprisoned for six months for having translated the banned book of Bhagat Singh, “Why I am an atheist?” into Tamil in 1934. He was one of the founding members of the Madras Provincial Congress Socialist Party and became its first secretary in 1937.

He was elected as a member of the All India Congress Committee in 1938 and served as a member of the working Committee of the State Congress unit. He took part in Anti-War activities during 1939-42 and was arrested and kept in custody under the Defence of India Rules. He was imprisoned in Vellore and Madras jails for two years. Later, he joined the Communist Party of India and became a member of the Madras Legislative Assembly in 1952 from the Washermanpet constituency. He died on January 18, 1964.


Padmasani Ammal - TNPSC

15 ஜூலை, 2024

Padmasani Ammal

 Born : Madurai, 1897

  • Padmasani Ammal was married at the age of 10 and was sent with her husband Srinivasa Varadan when she was 15. Her Husband was a Tamil pandit in manamadurai. He took part in the freedom movement and later left his job to become a reporter and manager of "Desabaktan" and "Navasakthi" magazines in Madurai.
  • The couples jointly sang the songs of Subramaniya Bharathi to propagate the freedom movement. They actively participated in the Khadi movement and started producing spinning wheels at Madurai. They joined the Sri Bharatha Ashram founded by Subramaniyam Siva and even maintained it in the absence of Siva, whenever he was imprisoned. She headed the Neill Satyagraha in Madurai.

Reserve Bank of India - TNPSC

12 ஜூலை, 2024

 

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) was established on April 1 1935 under Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. It is India's central bank and regulatory body responsible for regulation of Indian Banking system. It is managed under Ministry of Finance, India.

Main Functions:
  • Monetary authority

    • RBI Formulates, implements and monitors the monetary policy.
    • The objective behind this is to maintain price stability while maintaining the growth.

  • Manager of Foreign Exchange

    • Manages the Foreign Exchange Management act, 1999 (FEMA)
    • Faciliates external trade and payment and maintenance of foreign exchange market in the country.

  • Issuer of Currency

    • Issues, exchanges and even destroys currency and as well puts the coins minted by Government of India into Circulation.

Know about RBI Exams : RBI Grade B Exam

Rukmani Devi Arundale

4 ஜன., 2022

 


     

   Rukmini Devi Arundale (née Neelakanta Shastri; 29 February 1904 – 24 February 1986)[1] was an Indian theosophist, dancer and choreographer of the Indian classical dance form of Bharatanatyam, and an activist for animal welfare.

   She was the first woman in Indian history to be nominated as a member to the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Parliament of India. The most important revivalist of Bharatanatyam from its original 'sadhir' style prevalent amongst the temple dancers, the Devadasis, she also worked for the re-establishment of traditional Indian arts and crafts.

   She espoused the cause of Bharata Natyam which was considered a vulgar art. She 'sanitised' and removed the inherent eroticism of Sadhir to make it palatable to Indian upper-caste elites and the British morality of the era.

   Rukmini Devi features in India Today's list of '100 People Who Shaped India'.[3] She was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1956,[4] and the Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship in 1967.

To read more : narthaki.com