Calling Attention Motion
What are Motion
- A Motion refers to a formal proposal made by a member of Legislature to initiate discussion on a matter of general public importance. It can be Moved either by ministers or Private Members.
- No Discussion can be made except for such motions that has consent of presiding officer.
Calling Attention Motion
- A member may with the prior permission of the Speaker call the attention of
a Minister to a matter of urgent public importance and request him to make a
statement thereon. This is an Indian Innovation.
INC Sessions - TNPSC
Formation of INC:
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| 1st Session of INC |
The Indian National Congress (INC) was formed in 1885, marking a significant milestone in India's struggle for independence from British rule. The foundation of INC was initiated by A.O.Hume, a retired British civil servant, who aimed to create a platform for civil and political dialogue among educated Indians.
The first session of the INC was held in Bombay (now Mumbai) and was attended by 72 delegates. The formation of the INC played a crucial role in unifying diverse regional and political groups, eventually leading to the broader national movement against British colonialism.
INC Sessions:
| Year | Place | President |
|---|---|---|
| 1st Session, 1885 | Bombay | Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee |
| 2nd Session, 1886 | Calcutta | Dadabhai Naoroji |
| 3rd Session, 1887 | Madras | Badruddin Tyabji |
| 4th Session, 1888 | Allahabad | George Yule |
| 5td Session, 1889 | Bombay | Sir William Wedderburn |
| 6th Session, 1890 | Calcutta | Pherozeshah Mehta |
| 7th Session, 1891 | Nagpur | P.Ananda Charlu |
| 8th Session, 1892 | Allahabad | Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee |
| 9th Session, 1893 | Lahore | Dadabhai Naoroji |
| 10th Session, 1894 | Madras | Alfred Webb |
| 11th Session, 1895 | Pune | Surendranath Banerjee |
| 12th Session, 1896 | Calcutta | Rahimatullah M Sayani |
| 13th Session, 1897 | Amraoti | C Sankaran Nair |
| 14th Session, 1898 | Madras | Ananda Mohan Bose |
| 15th Session, 1899 | Lucknow | Romesh Chunder Dutt |
| 16th Session, 1900 | Lahore | N G Chandavarkar |
| 17th Session, 1901 | Calcutta | Dinshaw Eduljee Wacha |
| 18th Session, 1902 | Ahmedabad | Surendranath Banerjee |
| 19th Session, 1903 | Madras | Lal Mohan Ghosh |
| 20th Session, 1904 | Bombay | Sir Henry Cotton |
| 21st Session, 1905 | Banaras | Gopal Krishna Gokhale |
| 22nd Session, 1906 | Calcutta | Dadabhai Naoroji |
| 23rd Session, 1907 | Surat (Susepended) | Rash Behari Ghosh |
| 23rd Session, 1908 | Madras | Rash Behari Ghosh |
| 24rd Session, 1909 | Lahore | Madan Mohan Malaviya |
| 25th Session, 1910 | Allahabad | Sir William Wedderburn |
| 26th Session, 1911 | Calcutta | Bishan Narayan Dar |
| 27th Session, 1912 | Bankipore | Raghunath Narasinha Mudholkar |
| 28th Session, 1913 | Karachi | Nawab Syed Mohammed Bahadur |
| 29th Session, 1914 | Madras | Bhupendra Nath Bose |
Neill’s Statue Satyagraha | TNPSC
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| Source: Amrit mahotsav |
Who was Colonel Neill:
The Symbol of Oppression:
The Neill statue stood as a grim reminder of the atrocities committed by the British, fueling the Indians' insatiable hunger for freedom. Srinivasa Varadan from Madurai vehemently opposed this symbol of oppression, declaring that such a figure had no place in the soil of Mother India. This sentiment led to the formation of the 'Tamil Nadu Volunteer Corps' with the primary goal of dismantling the statue.
Neill Statue Satyagraha:
- The volunteers, led by Somayajalu Naidu and supported by Padmasini Ammal in Madurai, orchestrated the Neill Statue Satyagraha. The protest was meticulously planned for August 11, 1927. The Satyagrahis successfully damaged a portion of the statue, demonstrating their defiance. This act of resistance resulted in the imprisonment and fining of key leader Ganapathi Ayya.
- The Neill Statue Satyagraha is a significant chapter in India's struggle for independence, symbolizing the nation's resilience and determination to uproot colonial oppression. This event not only highlights the courage of the Tamil Nadu Volunteer Corps but also underscores the collective effort of Indians to reclaim their freedom and dignity.
- After the major leaders like Somayajalu and Swaminatha Mudaliar got arrested K. Kamaraj became the leader of the agitation (September, 1927). Mahatma Gandhi when he visited Madras during the time extended his support to the agitation. The Madras legislature passed resolutions demanding the removal of the statue.
- Neill Statue was later moved to Ripon Building and then to Madras Museum.
P.Jeevanandham - TNPSC
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| P. Jeevanandham |
Death : 18th January, 1963
P Jeevanandhan also fondly known as Jeeva is a famous Socio-political leader, Gandhian, Journalist and an excellent orator. He was born near Boothapandi in Nagarcoil in the erstwhile Princely state of Travancore. He was originally known as Sorimuthu named after his family god.
Political life:
He was elected as a member of the All India Congress Committee in 1938 and served as a member of the working Committee of the State Congress unit. He took part in Anti-War activities during 1939-42 and was arrested and kept in custody under the Defence of India Rules. He was imprisoned in Vellore and Madras jails for two years. Later, he joined the Communist Party of India and became a member of the Madras Legislative Assembly in 1952 from the Washermanpet constituency. He died on January 18, 1964.
Padmasani Ammal - TNPSC
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| Padmasani Ammal |
Born : Madurai, 1897
- Padmasani Ammal was married at the age of 10 and was sent with her husband Srinivasa Varadan when she was 15. Her Husband was a Tamil pandit in manamadurai. He took part in the freedom movement and later left his job to become a reporter and manager of "Desabaktan" and "Navasakthi" magazines in Madurai.
- The couples jointly sang the songs of Subramaniya Bharathi to propagate the freedom movement. They actively participated in the Khadi movement and started producing spinning wheels at Madurai. They joined the Sri Bharatha Ashram founded by Subramaniyam Siva and even maintained it in the absence of Siva, whenever he was imprisoned. She headed the Neill Satyagraha in Madurai.