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Credit: Amanda Marie What actually is St. Patrick's day? St. Patrick's Day is a cultural and religious holiday celebrated annually on March 17th, commemorating the death of Saint Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland. However, it became a public holiday in Ireland only in the early 20th century, and it has since become a global celebration of Irish culture and heritage. The holiday is primarily observed by the Irish and those of Irish descendant around the world, but it has become a popular celebration in many countries.  The holiday is typically associated with the colour green, shamrocks, and other symbols of Ireland. People often wear green clothing and accessories, and many cities host parades and festivals featuring Irish music, dance, and food. History of Saint Patrick's Day: Saint Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland, was killed, and St. Patrick's Day honours his memory. Around the fifth century AD, a christian missionary and bishop by the name of Saint Patrick fl...

Heatwaves and its effects on India   Prelims: Climate Change, Air mass. Mains (GS3): Conservation, environmental Pollution, Climate Change WHAT IS A HEATWAVE? A heatwave is a period of unusually hot weather with above-normal temperatures that typically lasts for 3 or more days. A heat wave is a situation of high air temperature that, when experienced by a person, is fatal. The period of heatwave in India is mainly during March to June and in some rare cases even in July. The peak month of the heat wave over India is May. It is the third biggest natural killer in India, with 2,040 people dying of them in 2015. The prescription given by IMD suggests that a heatwave is considered if the maximum temperature at a station reaches at least 40 degrees Celsius for plains, at least 37 degrees Celsius for coastal stations, and at least 30 degrees Celsius for hilly areas. Credit : Gyan Shahane CRITERIA: If normal maximum temperature is  ≤40 degrees Celsius, then an inc...

Protecting the Hornbills from the Ills of Climate change   Prelims: CBD, Invasive plants in news Mains (GS3): Climate Change, Invasive plants and Mitigation What are invasive alien species? Invasive alien species (IAS) are non-native organisms that have been introduced to a new habitat, either accidentally or intentionally, and have the ability to spread rapidly and cause harm to the environment, economy, or human health. These species can include plants, animals, and microorganisms. Invasive alien species often have a competitive advantage over native species because they lack natural predators or diseases in their new habitat. They can quickly establish themselves and outcompete native species for resources such as food, water, and space. This can lead to the decline or extinction of native species, which can have cascading effects on the ecosystem. An invasive species,  Senna spectabilis , an exotic tree, has taken over between 800 and 1,200 hectares of the buffe...

 What are Critically endangered species? A species that has been designated as having a dangerously high risk of extinction in the wild is known as a critically endangered species. This indicates that they are in danger of going extinct entirely because their population has drastically decreased. The Kemp's ridley sea turtle, brown spider monkey, Chinese alligator, black rhinoceros, and many other species are examples of critically endangered species. The Red List of Endangered Species, maintained by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), classifies species according to the degree of risk. (A) BIRDS: 1) The Jerdon's Courser (Rhinoptilus bitorquatus): The Jerdon's Courser The Jerdon's courser is a nocturnal, cursorial bird, mostly active at night, and like lapwings and other coursers, it prefers to walk, although it can fly quite well. Only the northern region of the state of Andhra Pradesh in peninsular India contains it. It is a signature species fo...

Guarantee in general means, "an agreement assuming responsibility to perform, execute, or complete something and offering security for that agreement". Section 126 to 147 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872 deals with Contract of Guarantee. Section 126 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872 defines A "contract of guarantee" is a contract to perform the promise, or discharge the liability, of a third person in case of his default. ILLUSTRATION: A requests B to give 25,000 to C and guarantees that C will repay the amount within a year. If C does not, A himself will pay the amount to B. This contract would be an example for contract of guarantee. CASE LAW: 1) State Bank of India vs Premo Saw Mill (1983) 2)  Bank of Bihar v. Damodar Prasad & Others PARTIES TO THE CONTRACT: 1) Surety-  Person who gives the guarantee. 2) Principal Debtor- Person in respect of whose default, the guarantee is given. 3) Creditor- Person to whom the guarantee is given. ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF A CONT...

  The Contract of Indemnity is explained in the Indian Contract Act, 1872, in articles 124 and 125. But what is Indemnity? In simple terms, indemnity refers to a contract between two people in which one person agrees to save the other person with a "contingency contract" based on the occurrence or non-occurrence of an event. According to Section 124 of the Indian Contract Act , A contract by which one party promises to save the other from loss caused to him by the contract of the promisor himself or by the conduct of any other person is called a "contract of indemnity." In England, a " Contract of Indemnity " has been defined as "a promise to save another harmless from loss caused as a result of a transaction entered into at the instance of the promisor." Indemnity covers not only loss arising from the conduct of the promisor or a third party but also accidental loss. However, the definition in Section 124 of the Indian Contract Act...

Between January 6–8, 2023, Panaji, Goa, hosted Purple Fest, which drew over 50,000 attendees. The event featured competitions in table tennis and cricket, a marathon, and a chat amongst deaf -blind people. A bird-watching programme and movie were organised for the participants' entertainment, and the participants had access to the Miramar Beach. Purple Fest 2023 Purple Fest was special in that private enterprises  displayed divyang(specially abled)-friendly  products, and the event sought to increase public   knowledge of the welfare of divyangs. The festival  was a success, and the organisers,   particularly the volunteers, deserve praise for their   efforts in bringing India's accessibility vision to  light. WHAT IS PURPLE FEST? Purple fest is a festival for the welfare of the  people with disabilities and it demonstrates how  our community can work together to build an  atmosphere that is welcoming to all people. It is ...