P.Jeevanandham - TNPSC

 

P. Jeevanandham
Birth : 21st August, 1907 near Nagarcoil in Kanyakumari District.

Death : 18th January, 1963

P Jeevanandhan also fondly known as Jeeva is a famous Socio-political leader, Gandhian, Journalist and an excellent orator. He was born near Boothapandi in Nagarcoil in the erstwhile Princely state of Travancore. He was originally known as Sorimuthu named after his family god.

Political life:

In 1924, he participated in the Vaikom Satyagraha which was a nonviolent agitation for access to the prohibited Temple premises. He also participated in the Suchindram temple entry movement. He took care of Gandhian Ashram in Siruvayal where he met Mahatma Gandhi, who appreciated Jeeva for his involvement in the national movement. He hoisted the national flag on top of the temple cart of Suchindram temple at the time of its procession. In 1932, he took part in Civil Disobedience Movement and was sentenced to six months in Trichy Jail. He was arrested and imprisoned for six months for having translated the banned book of Bhagat Singh, Why I am an atheist?” into Tamil in 1934. He was one of the founding members of the Madras Provincial Congress Socialist Party and became its first secretary in 1937.

He was elected as a member of the All India Congress Committee in 1938 and served as a member of the working Committee of the State Congress unit. He took part in Anti-War activities during 1939-42 and was arrested and kept in custody under the Defence of India Rules. He was imprisoned in Vellore and Madras jails for two years. Later, he joined the Communist Party of India and became a member of the Madras Legislative Assembly in 1952 from the Washermanpet constituency. He died on January 18, 1964.


Padmasani Ammal - TNPSC

Padmasani Ammal

 Born : Madurai, 1897

  • Padmasani Ammal was married at the age of 10 and was sent with her husband Srinivasa Varadan when she was 15. Her Husband was a Tamil pandit in manamadurai. He took part in the freedom movement and later left his job to become a reporter and manager of "Desabaktan" and "Navasakthi" magazines in Madurai.
  • The couples jointly sang the songs of Subramaniya Bharathi to propagate the freedom movement. They actively participated in the Khadi movement and started producing spinning wheels at Madurai. They joined the Sri Bharatha Ashram founded by Subramaniyam Siva and even maintained it in the absence of Siva, whenever he was imprisoned. She headed the Neill Satyagraha in Madurai.

National Waterways - TNPSC

National waterways of India

 
To promote Inland Water Transport (IWT) in the country, 111 waterways (including 5 existing and 106 new) have been declared as National Waterways (NWs) under the National Waterways Act, 2016 which came into effect from 12th April, 2016.

Reserve Bank of India - TNPSC

 

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) was established on April 1 1935 under Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. It is India's central bank and regulatory body responsible for regulation of Indian Banking system. It is managed under Ministry of Finance, India.

Main Functions:
  • Monetary authority

    • RBI Formulates, implements and monitors the monetary policy.
    • The objective behind this is to maintain price stability while maintaining the growth.

  • Manager of Foreign Exchange

    • Manages the Foreign Exchange Management act, 1999 (FEMA)
    • Faciliates external trade and payment and maintenance of foreign exchange market in the country.

  • Issuer of Currency

    • Issues, exchanges and even destroys currency and as well puts the coins minted by Government of India into Circulation.

Know about RBI Exams : RBI Grade B Exam

Thiruppur Kumaran - TNPSC

 

Thiruppur Kumaran
Thiruppur Kumaran

        Tiruppur Kumaran, originally named Kumarswamy Mudaliar, was born on October 4, 1904, in Chennimalai, Erode District, Tamil Nadu. Kumaran is celebrated as a significant figure in India's struggle for independence, deeply inspired by Mahatma Gandhi's principles.

Kumaran's dedication to the cause of Indian independence was evident through his active participation in various protests and movements against British rule. On January 10, 1932, he led a significant protest march in Tiruppur, carrying the Indian national flag. Despite being severely beaten by the British police, Kumaran refused to let the flag touch the ground, symbolizing his unwavering commitment to the nation. This act of defiance earned him the revered title of "Kodi Kaatha Kumaran" (Kumaran who protected the flag).

Tragically, Kumaran succumbed to his injuries the following day, on January 11, 1932. His martyrdom is a poignant reminder of the countless unsung heroes who fought for India's freedom. Tiruppur Kumaran’s sacrifice continues to inspire generations, embodying the spirit of resilience, patriotism, and unwavering dedication to the nation's cause.

Kumaran was associated with the Deshabandu Youth Association, which played a crucial role in mobilizing the youth for the independence movement.

Iyothee Thass Pandithar - TNPSC

 

By மூலம், Fair use, https://ta.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?curid=329089
Pandit Iyothee Thass


C. Iyothee Thass (20 May 1845 – 1914) was an Indian anti-caste activist and a practitioner of Siddha medicine. He famously converted to Buddhism and called upon the Paraiyars to do the same, arguing that this was their original religion.Iyothee Thass was born Kathavarayan on 20 May 1845 in Thousand Lights, a neighbourhood in Madras (now Chennai), and later migrated to the Nilgiris district.

Work : 

  •  In the 1870s, Iyothee Thass organized the Todas and other tribes of the Nilgiri Hills into a formidable force for the freedom movement. In 1876, Thass established the Advaidananda Sabha and launched a magazine called Dravida Pandian in collaboration with Rev. John Rathina.
  • In 1886, Thass issued a revolutionary declaration that Scheduled caste people (Dalits) were not Hindus. Following this declaration, he established the “Dravida Mahajana Sabha '' in 1891 along with Rettamalai Srinivasan.
  • During the 1891 census, he urged the members of Scheduled castes to register themselves as “ Casteless Dravidians ” instead of identifying themselves as Hindus. His activities served as an inspiration to Sri Lanka’s Buddhist revivalist Anagarika Dharmapala.




40. கல்வி | Learning - TNPSC

 

1.கற்க கசடறக் கற்பவை கற்றபின்
நிற்க அதற்குத் தக.


பொருள் : கற்கத்‌ தகுந்த நூல்களைக்‌ குற்றமறக்‌ கற்க வேண்டும்‌; அவ்வாறு கற்ற பிறகு கற்ற கல்விக்குத்‌ தக்கவாறு நெறியில்‌ நிற்க வேண்டும்‌.


2.எண்ணென்ப ஏனை எழுத்தென்ப இவ்விரண்டும்
கண்ணென்ப வாழும் உயிர்க்கு.


பொருள் : எண்‌ என்று சொல்லப்படுவன, எழுத்து என்று சொல்லப்படுவன ஆகிய இருவகைக்‌ கலைகளையும்‌ வாழும்‌ மக்களுக்குக்‌ கண்கள்‌ என்று கூறுவர்‌.

3.கண்ணுடையர் என்பவர் கற்றோர் முகத்திரண்டு

புண்ணுடையர் கல்லா தவர்.


பொருள் : கண்ணுடையவர்‌ என்று உயர்வாகக்‌ கூறப்படுகின்றவர்‌ கற்றவரே; கல்லாதவர்‌ முகத்தில்‌ இரண்டு புண்‌ உடையவர்‌ ஆவர்‌.

4.உவப்பத் தலைக்கூடி உள்ளப் பிரிதல்
அனைத்தே புலவர் தொழில்.


பொருள் : மகிழும்படியாகக்‌ கூடிப்‌ பழகி. (இனி இவரை எப்போது காண்போம்‌ என்று) வருந்தி நினைக்கும்‌ படியாகப்‌ பிரிதல்‌ புலவரின்‌ தொழிலாகும்‌.

5.உடையார்முன் இல்லார்போல் ஏக்கற்றுங் கற்றார்
கடையரே கல்லா தவர்.


பொருள் : செல்வர்முன்‌ வறியவர்‌ நிற்பதுபோல்‌ (கற்றவர்முன்‌) ஏங்கித்‌ தாழ்ந்து நின்றும்‌ கல்வி கற்றவரே உயர்ந்தவர்‌; கல்லாதவர்‌ இழிந்தவர்‌.

6.தொட்டனைத் தூறும் மணற்கேணி மாந்தர்க்குக்
கற்றனைத் தூறும் அறிவு.


பொருள் : மணலில்‌ உள்ள கேணியில்‌ தோண்டிய அளவிற்கு நீர்‌ ஊறும்‌; அதுபோல்‌, மக்களுக்குக்‌ கற்ற கல்வியின்‌ அளவிற்கு அறிவு ஊறும்‌.

7.யாதானும் நாடாமால் ஊராமால் என்னொருவன்
சாந்துணையுங் கல்லாத வாறு.


பொருள் : கற்றவனுக்குத்‌ தன்‌ நாடும்‌ ஊரும்போலவே வேறு எதுவாயினும்‌ நாடாகும்‌; ஊராகும்‌; ஆகையால்‌ ஒருவன்‌ சாகும்வரையில்‌ கல்லாமல்‌ காலங்கழிப்பது ஏன்‌?

8.ஒருமைக்கண் தான்கற்ற கல்வி ஒருவற்கு
எழுமையும் ஏமாப் புடைத்து.


பொருள் : ஒரு பிறப்பில்‌ தான்‌ கற்ற கல்வியானது அப்பிறப்பிற்கு மட்டும்‌ அல்லாமல்‌ ஒருவனுக்கு எழுபிறப்பிலும்‌ உதவும்‌ தன்மையுடையதாகும்‌.

9.தாமின் புறுவது உலகின் புறக்கண்டு
காமுறுவர் கற்றறிந் தார்.


பொருள் : தாம்‌ இன்புறுவதற்குக்‌ காரணமான கல்வியால்‌ உலகமும்‌ இன்புறுவதைக்‌ கண்டு, கற்றறிந்த அறிஞர்‌ மேன்மேலும்‌ (அக்கல்வியையே, விரும்புவர்‌.

10.கேடில் விழுச்செல்வம் கல்வி யொருவற்கு
மாடல்ல மற்றை யவை.


பொருள் : ஒருவனுக்கு அழிவு இல்லாத சிறந்த செல்வம்‌ கல்வியே ஆகும்‌; கல்வி தவிர மற்றப்‌ பொருள்கள்‌ (அத்தகைய சிறப்புடைய ) செல்வம்‌ அல்ல.